The Value of Water

America faces an unprecedented water crisis despite its vast wealth. The consequences of climate change in the West are jarring as drought sinks its teeth across the region. Like many other environmental issues, water scarcity disproportionately impacts minoritized communities.[1] The doctrines of prior appropriation and riparianism reflect modern water law’s legacy of settler colonialism. Despite … Read more

Under International Law, is the U.S. Justified in Using Military Force Against Mexico’s Cartels

In January, Representative Dan Crenshaw, chair of the Republican-led Task Force to Combat Mexican Drug Cartels, alongside Rep. Mike Waltz introduced a bill seeking authorization for the use of military force to “put us at war with the cartels.”[1] This bill, known as House Joint Resolution 18, would authorize the use of United States Armed … Read more

Violation of International Human Rights Law: Uganda and Ghana Criminalize Identifying as LGBTQ+

There are thirty-one African countries that criminalize same-sex relationships.[1] Most of these countries refuse to adopt U.N. recommendations and repeal these laws.[2] While thirty-one countries criminalize same-sex relationships, “there are only twenty-two African countries that neither directly nor indirectly criminalize same-sex sexual activity.” [3] Recently, Ghana passed The Promotion of Proper Human Sexual Rights and … Read more

The Maya Train Project: A Contemporary Case Study of How Legal Corruption Empowers Governments to Dispossess Indigenous Peoples’ Collective Right to Land Under the Guise of Economic Development

It is internationally recognized that “Indigenous [P]eoples have deep spiritual, cultural, social and economic connections with their lands, territories, and resources, which are basic to their identity and existence itself.”[1] This is reflected in Indigenous Peoples having a “tradition of collective rights to lands and resources—through the community, the region or the state.”[2] More often … Read more

Entering the Third Year of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict: International Barriers to Stopping the Ongoing Conflict

Over two years ago on February 24, 2022, Russia launched its military operation in Ukraine.[1] Since the commencement of the war, the United Nations has adopted resolutions and released various statements condemning Russian actions.[2] However, the United Nations has not placed on Russia one of its most common sanctions that it uses to encourage peace … Read more

Concerns with the International Court of Justice and its Ability to Compel Compliance with Judgments in the Context of South Africa v. Israel

The provisional measures ordered by the International Court of Justice (“ICJ”) in the recent case of South Africa v. Israel have prompted concerns about the ICJ’s ability to enforce its judgments particularly in cases concerning imminent threats of mass civilian casualties.[1] The measure issued by the ICJ requires Israel to take all measures within its … Read more

Beyond the Binary: Centering TGNC Rights in International Prison Reform

In response to contemporary concerns and calls to address the unprecedented expansion of the prison industrial complex, the international legal community highlighted the rights and dignity of incarcerated individuals as a focal point of modern human rights discourse. [1]While the United Nations (U.N.) has addressed special considerations for incarcerated women and children, the unique needs … Read more

US Marijuana Law and its International Legal Implications

In the U.S., cannabis law is a confusing mess of federal and state regulations, medicinal and adult use standards, and complex consequences for those involved in the industry. Marijuana is federally illegal, but 24 states and Washington D.C. have legalized adult recreational use of marijuana and 14 more have legalized medicinal use.[1] Considering the political … Read more

Why Calls to Restart Negotiations for Turkey’s Accession to the EU Will Likely Fail

Negotiations for Turkey’s accession to the European Union (EU) have been stalled since 2008.[1] Democratic concerns, human rights violations, and regional political conflicts have stood in the way of the success of this deal.[2] The European Union has strict requirements regarding these political and social attributes.[3] Since its 2008 Progress Report, Turkey has worked to … Read more

The Silent Catastrophe: The Future for Small Island Nations Battling the Perils of Climate Change

Small island nations, the picturesque tourist havens, are encountering escalating threats from rising sea levels in an ongoing battle with climate change.[1] Amidst the beauty of these dream getaway destinations lies a grim reality – climate-induced displacement of indigenous communities is transforming these paradises into battlegrounds as refugees seek safer shelter.[2] The absence of an … Read more