Bulletin

Human trafficking has remained a persistent global issue, further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The lack of international cooperation and coordination among investigative units and internet service providers has hindered efforts to effectively use data in identifying and combating online human trafficking. Fixing current issues within legislation and using new technologies cooperatively between states is … Read more

Introduction In today’s interconnected digital landscape, cybersecurity and data protection have become crucial concerns for individuals, businesses, and governments worldwide. The rise of sophisticated cyber threats and increasing data privacy issues have led many countries to develop legal frameworks aimed at safeguarding data and securing cyberspace.[1] However, the global nature of cyber risks and data … Read more

The Olympic Games serve as an international stage for athleticism, inter-cultural celebration, and – as proposed in this piece – arbitration. Making headlines in the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, the Women’s Artistic Gymnastics Floor Finals became the center of controversy, surrounding athletes Ana Bărbosu of Romania and Jordan Chiles of the United States.[1] An alleged error … Read more

The newly imposed tariffs by the United States (“U.S.”) in September of 2024 on electric vehicles (EVs) and EV batteries pose a potential opportunity for Western domestic industries to transition away from internationally dominant suppliers. However, tariffs also bring a concern of economic harm in the face of an already limited supply chain. Europe, Canada, … Read more

Introduction The Enhanced Transparency Framework (“ETF”), codified under Article 13 of the Paris Agreement, was designed to standardize greenhouse gas emission reporting and assess countries’ progress toward their Nationally Determined Contributions (“NDC”s).[1] However – despite its ambitious scope – the ETF lacks binding enforcement mechanisms.[2] Operating solely on voluntary compliance and offering no repercussions for inaccuracies … Read more

Social media was originally designed to connect people and facilitate global communication.[1] Over time, it has evolved into a major source of news, shaping public opinion.[2] However, this influence has also been exploited to spread disinformation by both individual users and foreign governments.[3] One prominent example is Russia’s interference in the 2016 United States (“U.S.”) presidential election, where … Read more

In 1966, the United Nations General Assembly recognized a person’s right to an “adequate standard of living,” encompassing the right to adequate housing.[1] Housing availability, however, remains a pressing issue globally, and the framework of land use laws plays a significant role in how countries address this challenge.[2] Japan employs a nationally regulated land use system that … Read more

As far back as the legendary Punic Wars, certain armies and warfighters have given their allegiance to a paycheck, rather than a flag or nation.[1] Carthage, the powerful maritime empire, frequently “hired its own swords” to engage in battles on land, as it was a wealthy civilization with a prowess for warfare by sea.[2] The use of … Read more

The territorial dispute over Essequibo, a region in South America claimed by both the bordering nation of Venezuela and its legal holder Guyana, has persisted for more than a century, raising significant legal questions regarding sovereignty.[1] This article examines the legality of Venezuela’s annexation claims over Essequibo and ultimately concludes that such an annexation is illegal … Read more

Human trafficking is a pressing global issue, with millions of individuals falling victim to exploitation and abuse across various regions. According to EUROSTAT, in 2022, over 10,000 people in the European Union (“EU”) were victims of human trafficking (HT).[1] Romania faces significant challenges in addressing human trafficking based on its location within the Schengen Area and … Read more